With the rapid growth of China’s economy, its financial and banking sector is becoming increasingly influential on a global scale. Are you struggling to learn financial Chinese? Understanding the right banking vocabulary in Chinese is essential for effective communication and professional success. In this guide, Ni Hao Ma introduces you to 100+ banking and finance terms in Chinese that you can apply in daily life, studies, and work.
What is “Finance and Banking” in Chinese?
Finance and banking industry in Chinese is called 金融银行 (Jīnróng yínháng) or 金融银行业 (Jīnróng yínhángyè). This broad field covers activities related to currency, credit, investment, insurance, and other financial services.
The financial and banking sector plays a vital role in every country’s economy. Its main function is to connect those who have idle capital (depositors) with those who need funding for investment or consumption. Through activities such as raising capital, lending, payments, investments, and financial consulting, this industry optimizes financial resources, boosts business activities, and supports sustainable economic growth.
Finance and Banking Vocabulary in Chinese
If you are studying or working in the field of finance and banking, mastering specialized Chinese terminology is the key to unlocking more opportunities. Knowing the right terms will not only make communication smoother but also enhance your efficiency in international cooperation. Let’s explore the most useful finance and banking vocabulary in Chinese together!
Chinese Vocabulary for Types of Banks
In international trade and financial integration, banks play a critical role. Different types of banks exist to serve specific needs in the economy. Below are some of the most common terms:
| Chinese | Pinyin | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 银行 | yínháng | Bank |
| 中央银行 | zhōngyāng yínháng | Central Bank |
| 商业银行 | shāngyè yínháng | Commercial Bank |
| 国有银行 | guóyǒu yínháng | State-Owned Bank |
| 私人银行 | sīrén yínháng | Private Bank |
| 投资银行 | tóuzī yínháng | Investment Bank |
| 开发银行 | kāifā yínháng | Development Bank |
| 合资银行 | hézī yínháng | Joint-Venture Bank |
| 外资银行 | wàizī yínháng | Foreign Bank |
| 网上银行 | wǎngshàng yínháng | Online Bank |
Chinese Vocabulary for Banking Activities
In daily life, we often engage in banking activities such as depositing money, withdrawing cash, transferring funds, or applying for loans. Learning this set of banking vocabulary in Chinese will help you feel more confident when working, studying, or traveling in Chinese-speaking countries.
| Chinese | Pinyin | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 开户 | kāihù | Open an account |
| 销户 | xiāohù | Close an account |
| 激活 | jīhuó | Activate (card) |
| 冻结 | dòngjié | Freeze (account) |
| 存款 | cúnkuǎn | Deposit money |
| 取款 | qǔkuǎn | Withdraw money |
| 汇款 | huìkuǎn | Transfer money |
| 缴费 | jiǎofèi | Pay fees |
| 收取 | shōuqǔ | Charge (fees) |
| 兑换 | duìhuàn | Exchange currency |
| 贷款 | dàikuǎn | Loan / Lending |
| 还款 | huánkuǎn | Repayment |
| 担保 | dānbǎo | Guarantee |
| 信用贷款 | xìnyòng dàikuǎn | Unsecured loan |
| 抵押贷款 | dǐyā dàikuǎn | Mortgage loan |
| 签约 | qiānyuē | Sign a contract |
| 核对 | héduì | Verify / Cross-check |
| 审核 | shěnhé | Review / Approval |
| 扣款 | kòukuǎn | Deduct funds |
| 结算 | jiésuàn | Settlement |
| 投资 | tóuzī | Investment |
| 分期付款 | fēnqī fùkuǎn | Installment payment |
| 跨行转账 | kuàháng zhuǎnzhàng | Interbank transfer |
| 打印 | dǎyìn | Print (receipt, document) |
| 开具 | kāijù | Issue (invoice, document) |
| 办理 | bànlǐ | Handle / Process |
| 咨询 | zīxún | Consultation |
| 鉴定 | jiàndìng | Appraisal |
| 追索 | zhuīsuǒ | Payment request / Claim |
Banking Vocabulary in Chinese
Banking is one of the fields with a rich and diverse system of specialized terminology. By mastering Chinese vocabulary on the topic of banking, you will be able to easily understand and express concepts, processes, as well as related services.
| Chinese | Pinyin | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 业务 | yèwù | Business / Service |
| 账户 | zhànghù | Account |
| 银行账号 | yínháng zhànghào | Bank account number |
| 活期存款 | huóqī cúnkuǎn | Demand deposit |
| 定期存款 | dìngqī cúnkuǎn | Fixed-term deposit |
| 期初余额 | qīchū yú’é | Beginning balance |
| 期末余额 | qīmò yú’é | Ending balance |
| 信用卡 | xìnyòngkǎ | Credit card |
| 借记卡 | jièjìkǎ | Debit card |
| 密码 | mìmǎ | Password |
| 利率 | lìlǜ | Interest rate |
| 利息 | lìxī | Interest (earnings) |
| 储蓄 | chǔxù | Savings |
| 支票 | zhīpiào | Check |
| 票据 | piàojù | Bill / Note |
| 外汇 | wàihuì | Foreign exchange |
| 银行卡 | yínhángkǎ | Bank card |
| 网上银行 | wǎngshàng yínháng | Online banking |
| 银行分行 | yínháng fēnháng | Bank branch |
| ATM机 | ATM jī | ATM machine |
| POS机 | POS jī | POS terminal |
| 存折 | cúnzhé | Passbook |
| 个人业务 | gèrén yèwù | Personal banking |
| 企业业务 | qǐyè yèwù | Corporate banking |
| 抵押物 | dǐyāwù | Collateral |
| 逾期 | yúqī | Overdue |
| 违约金 | wéiyuē jīn | Penalty fee |
| 手续费 | shǒuxùfèi | Handling fee |
| 服务费 | fúwùfèi | Service charge |
| 资金 | zījīn | Capital / Funds |
| 保险 | bǎoxiǎn | Insurance |
| 汇率 | huìlǜ | Exchange rate |
| 银行职员 | yínháng zhíyuán | Bank employee |
| 柜台 | guìtái | Counter |
| 客户经理 | kèhù jīnglǐ | Customer manager |
| 账户余额 | zhànghù yú’é | Account balance |
| 报表 | bàobiǎo | Report |
| 审计 | shěnjì | Audit |
| 信用评级 | xìnyòng píngjí | Credit rating |
| 信贷额度 | xìndài édù | Credit limit |
Public Finance Vocabulary in Chinese
Public finance refers to how a government manages financial resources to implement policies, provide public services, maintain state operations, and foster economic development. Simply put, it deals with areas like taxation, budgeting, public spending, public debt, and government investment. Here are the most useful Chinese vocabulary for public finance:
| Chinese | Pinyin | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 税务局 | shuìwù jú | Tax Bureau |
| 财政部 | cáizhèng bù | Ministry of Finance |
| 公共财政 | gōnggòng cáizhèng | Public finance |
| 国民生产总值 | guómín shēngchǎn zǒngzhí | Gross Domestic Product (GDP) |
| 通货膨胀 | tōnghuò péngzhàng | Inflation |
| 通货紧缩 | tōnghuò jǐnsuō | Deflation |
| 国家预算 | guójiā yùsuàn | National budget |
| 财政收入 | cáizhèng shōurù | Fiscal revenue |
| 财政支出 | cáizhèng zhīchū | Fiscal expenditure |
| 税收 | shuìshōu | Taxation |
| 税率 | shuìlǜ | Tax rate |
| 关税 | guānshuì | Tariff |
| 财政政策 | cáizhèng zhèngcè | Fiscal policy |
| 政府支出 | zhèngfǔ zhīchū | Government spending |
| 政府收入 | zhèngfǔ shōurù | Government revenue |
| 社会保障 | shèhuì bǎozhàng | Social security |
| 政府债务 | zhèngfǔ zhàiwù | Public debt |
| 财政管理 | cáizhèng guǎnlǐ | Financial management |
| 公共投资 | gōnggòng tóuzī | Public investment |
| 预算平衡 | yùsuàn pínghéng | Budget balance |
| 财政风险 | cáizhèng fēngxiǎn | Fiscal risk |
| 经济发展 | jīngjì fāzhǎn | Economic development |
| 国际收支 | guójì shōuzhī | Balance of payments |
| 公共服务 | gōnggòng fúwù | Public services |
| 国债 | guózhài | Government bonds |
| 财政政策 | cáizhèng zhèngcè | Fiscal policy |
| 货币政策 | huòbì zhèngcè | Monetary policy |
| 财政补贴 | cáizhèng bǔtiē | Government subsidy |
| 财政体制 | cáizhèng tǐzhì | Fiscal system |
| 财政赤字 | cáizhèng chìzì | Budget deficit |
| 财政盈余 | cáizhèng yíngyú | Budget surplus |
| 财政改革 | cáizhèng gǎigé | Fiscal reform |
Corporate Finance Vocabulary in Chinese
Corporate finance is a specialized area of finance that focuses on decisions and activities related to money and capital within a company. Its core objective is to maximize shareholder value while ensuring stability and sustainable growth. Here are some must-know corporate finance terms in Chinese:
| Chinese | Pinyin | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 企业财务 | qǐ yè cái wù | Corporate finance |
| 财务管理 | cái wù guǎn lǐ | Financial management |
| 财务报表 | cái wù bào biǎo | Financial statement |
| 资产负债表 | zī chǎn fù zhài biǎo | Balance sheet |
| 利润表 | lì rùn biǎo | Income statement |
| 现金流量表 | xiàn jīn liú liàng biǎo | Cash flow statement |
| 资产 | zī chǎn | Assets |
| 负债 | fù zhài | Liabilities |
| 股东权益 | gǔ dōng quán yì | Shareholders’ equity |
| 流动资产 | liú dòng zī chǎn | Current assets |
| 固定资产 | gù dìng zī chǎn | Fixed assets |
| 流动负债 | liú dòng fù zhài | Current liabilities |
| 长期负债 | cháng qī fù zhài | Long-term liabilities |
| 固定成本 | gù dìng chéng běn | Fixed cost |
| 股本 | gǔ běn | Share capital |
| 盈余 | yíng yú | Retained earnings |
| 收入 | shōu rù | Revenue |
| 利润 | lìrùn | Profit |
| 营业成本 | yíng yè chéng běn | Cost of goods sold |
| 营业利润 | yíng yè lì rùn | Operating profit |
| 净利润 | jìng lì rùn | Net profit |
| 投资回报率 | tóu zī huí bào lǜ | Return on Investment (ROI) |
| 资本结构 | zī běn jié gòu | Capital structure |
| 财务比率 | cái wù bǐ lǜ | Financial ratio |
| 流动比率 | liú dòng bǐ lǜ | Current ratio |
| 速动比率 | sù dòng bǐ lǜ | Quick ratio |
| 偿债能力 | cháng zhài néng lì | Solvency |
| 盈利能力 | yíng lì néng lì | Profitability |
| 现金流量 | xiàn jīn liú liàng | Cash flow |
| 融资 | róng zī | Financing |
| 资本支出 | zī běn zhī chū | Capital expenditure (CapEx) |
| 营运资本 | yíng yùn zī běn | Working capital |
| 应收账款 | yīng shōu zhàng kuǎn | Accounts receivable |
| 应付账款 | yīng fù zhàng kuǎn | Accounts payable |
| 财务分析 | cái wù fēn xī | Financial analysis |
| 股东 | gǔ dōng | Shareholder |
| 优先股 | yōu xiān gǔ | Preferred stock |
| 普通股 | pǔ tōng gǔ | Common stock |
| 股息 | gǔxī | Dividend |
| 折旧 | zhéjiù | Depreciation |
| 基金 | jījīn | Fund |
| 投资组合 | tóu zī zǔ hé | Investment portfolio |
| 银行贷款 | yín háng dài kuǎn | Bank loan |
| 财务杠杆 | cái wù gànggǎn | Financial leverage |
| 审计 | shěnjì | Audit |
| 企业所得税 | qǐ yè suǒdéshuì | Corporate income tax |
Personal Finance Vocabulary in Chinese
Personal finance involves managing all activities related to an individual’s money. It’s not only about earning money but also about how you use, allocate, and grow it effectively to achieve long-term financial goals.
| Chinese | Pinyin | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 个人理财 | gè rén lǐ cái | Personal financial management |
| 收入 | shōu rù | Income |
| 支出 | zhī chū | Expenses |
| 储蓄 | chú xù | Savings |
| 储蓄账户 | chú xù zhàng hù | Savings account |
| 支票账户 | zhī piào zhàng hù | Checking account |
| 房地产投资 | fáng dì chǎn tóu zī | Real estate investment |
| 养老金 | yǎng lǎo jīn | Pension |
| 房贷 | fáng dài | Mortgage |
| 车贷 | chē dài | Car loan |
| 消费 | xiāo fèi | Consumption / Spending |
| 人寿保险 | rén shòu bǎo xiǎn | Life insurance |
| 财务目标 | cái wù mù biāo | Financial goals |
| 信用评分 | xìn yòng píng fēn | Credit score |
| 理财顾问 | lǐ cái gù wèn | Financial advisor |
| 报税 | bàoshuì | Tax declaration |
| 个人所得税 | gè rén suǒdéshuì | Personal income tax |
Finance Vocabulary in Chinese
| Chinese | Pinyin | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 投资者 | tóu zī zhě | Investor |
| 机构投资者 | jī gòu tóu zī zhě | Institutional investor |
| 个人投资者 | gè rén tóu zī zhě | Individual investor |
| 上市 | shàng shì | Listing |
| 首次公开募股 | shǒu cì gōng kāi mù gǔ | IPO – Initial Public Offering |
| 股票市场 | gǔ piào shì chǎng | Stock market |
| 金融市场 | jīn róng shì chǎng | Financial market |
| 资本市场 | zī běn shì chǎng | Capital market |
| 证券 | zhèng quàn | Securities |
| 证券交易所 | zhèng quàn jiāo yì suǒ | Stock exchange |
| 股票发行 | gǔ piào fā xíng | Stock issuance |
| 估值 | gū zhí | Valuation |
| 交易量 | jiāo yì liàng | Trading volume |
| 汇率 | huì lǜ | Exchange rate |
| 持股比例 | chí gǔ bǐ lì | Shareholding ratio |
| 市场份额 | shì chǎng fèn é | Market share |
| 交易 | jiāo yì | Transaction/Trade |
| 投资回报 | tóu zī huí bào | Investment return |
| 风险评估 | fēng xiǎn píng gū | Risk assessment |
| 股价 | gǔ jià | Stock price |
| 融资 | róng zī | Financing |
| 投资 | tóu zī | Investment |
| 投机 | tóu jī | Speculation |
| 做空 | zuò kōng | Short selling |
| 宏观经济 | hóng guān jīng jì | Macroeconomics |
| 微观经济 | wēi guān jīng jì | Microeconomics |
| 财政年度 | cái zhèng nián dù | Fiscal year |
| 流动性 | liú dòng xìng | Liquidity |
| 衍生品 | yǎn shēng pǐn | Derivatives |
| 数字货币 | shù zì huò bì | Cryptocurrency |
| 共同基金 | gòng tóng jī jīn | Mutual fund |
| 对冲基金 | duì chōng jī jīn | Hedge fund |
| 风险投资基金 | fēng xiǎn tóu zī jī jīn | Venture capital fund |
| 保证金 | bǎo zhèng jīn | Margin/Deposit |
Dialogues Using Finance and Banking Vocabulary in Chinese
Are you learning Chinese and aiming to work in the banking or finance sector? Understanding and using specialized vocabulary correctly is a crucial step to effective communication. The sample dialogues below simulate real-life situations, helping you not only learn vocabulary but also practice professional communication skills.
Dialogue 1: Opening a Bank Account
A: 你好，我想在贵银行开一个账户。
Nǐ hǎo, wǒ xiǎng zài guì yínháng kāi yī gè zhànghù.
Hello, I’d like to open an account at your bank.
B: 好的，请问您要开储蓄账户还是支票账户？
Hǎo de, qǐngwèn nín yào kāi chúxù zhànghù háishì zhīpiào zhànghù?
Okay, would you like to open a savings account or a checking account?
A: 我想开储蓄账户。
Wǒ xiǎng kāi chúxù zhànghù.
I’d like to open a savings account.
B: 请出示您的身份证和一张照片。
Qǐng chūshì nín de shēnfènzhèng hé yī zhāng zhàopiàn.
Please present your ID card and a photo.
Dialogue 2: Fixed-Term Savings
A: 你好，我想咨询一下定期存款。
Nǐ hǎo, wǒ xiǎng zīxún yīxià dìngqī cúnkuǎn.
Hello, I’d like to ask about fixed-term deposits.
B: 您好，请问您打算存多少钱，存多久？
Nín hǎo, qǐngwèn nín dǎsuàn cún duōshǎo qián, cún duōjiǔ?
Sure, how much would you like to deposit and for how long?
A: 我打算存五十万元，存三年。
Wǒ dǎsuàn cún wǔshí wàn yuán, cún sān nián.
I plan to deposit 500,000 RMB for three years.
B: 三年定期存款年利率是3.5%，利息按年结算。
Sān nián dìngqī cúnkuǎn nián lìlǜ shì 3.5%, lìxī àn nián jiésuàn.
The three-year fixed-term deposit has an annual interest rate of 3.5%, with interest paid yearly.
A: 我可以提前支取吗？
Wǒ kěyǐ tíqián zhīqǔ ma?
Can I withdraw early?
B: 可以，但提前支取利息会按活期利率计算。
Kěyǐ, dàn tíqián zhīqǔ lìxī huì àn huóqī lìlǜ jìsuàn.
Yes, but the interest will be calculated at the demand deposit rate.
A: 好的，我决定存三年。请帮我办理。
Hǎo de, wǒ juédìng cún sān nián. Qǐng bāng wǒ bànlǐ.
Okay, I’ll choose the three-year term. Please help me with the process.
Dialogue 3: Stock Investment
A: 你好，我想了解股票投资。
Nǐ hǎo, wǒ xiǎng liǎojiě gǔpiào tóuzī.
Hello, I want to learn about stock investment.
B: 您打算长期投资还是短期交易？
Nín dǎsuàn chángqī tóuzī háishì duǎnqī jiāoyì?
Are you planning for long-term investment or short-term trading?
A: 我更倾向长期投资。
Wǒ gèng qīngxiàng chángqī tóuzī.
I prefer long-term investment.
B: 那我建议关注蓝筹股，它们风险较低，收益稳定。
Nà wǒ jiànyì guānzhù lánchóu gǔ, tāmen fēngxiǎn jiào dī, shōuyì wěndìng.
Then I suggest looking at blue-chip stocks. They carry lower risks and provide stable returns.
Conclusion
Through this article, you’ve learned key finance and banking vocabulary in Chinese and practiced with real-life dialogue examples. Hopefully, this helps expand your vocabulary and equips you with essential knowledge to thrive in the global job market. Stay tuned for more vocabulary on other topics from Ni Hao Ma!
